History Keywords — Part I

Consolidation ( the situation in which two or more things, for example, companies or organizations, are joined together )

Revolt ( refuse to be controlled or ruled, and take action against authority, often violent action )

Resentment ( to feel angry because you have been forced to accept someone or something that you do not like )

Rebellion ( violent action organized by a group of people who are trying to change the political system in their country )

Culmination ( the point at which an event or series of events ends, having developed until it reaches this point )

Peasant ( a person who owns or rents a small piece of land and grows crops, keeps animals, etc. on it, especially one who has a low income, very little education, and a low social position )

Artisans ( someone who does skilled work with their hands )

Conquest ( the act of conquering a country, area, or situation )

Dominion ( control over a country or people )

Expansionist ( increasing the amount of land ruled by a country, or the business performed by a company )

Exploitation ( the use of something in order to get an advantage from it )

Adversely ( in a way that is harmful or likely to cause problems )

Deprived ( not having the things that are necessary for a pleasant life, such as enough money, food, or good living conditions )

Livelihood ( the way someone earns the money, pay for food, a place to live, clothing, etc )

Exclusion ( the act of not allowing someone to take part in an activity or to enter a place )

Patrons ( a person or group that supports an activity or organization, especially by giving money )

Discontent ( a feeling of wanting better treatment or an improved situation )

Meted ( to give or order a punishment )

Ripe ( completely developed and ready to be collected or eaten )

Accumulated ( to collect a large number of things over a long period of time )

Grievances ( a complaint or a strong feeling that you have been treated unfairly )

Burst Forth ( jump out from a hiding place and surprise )

Antagonised ( to make someone dislike you or feel opposed to you )

Gradual ( happening or changing slowly over a long period of time or distance )

Extinction ( a situation in which something no longer exists )

Outright ( completely or immediately )

Subsidiary ( something less important than something else with which it is connected )

Adopting ( to legally take another person’s child into your own family and take care of him or her as your own child )

Pretext ( a pretended reason for doing something that is used to hide the real reason )

Alleged ( said or thought by some people to be the stated bad or illegal thing, although you have no proof )

Misrule ( the bad government that shows no justice or fairness )

Safeguard ( to protect something from harm )

Waged ( paid regularly for work )